An Investigation of the Cytotoxicity Effect of the Ziziphus jujuba L., Ribes khorasanicum, Crocus sativus Petal, and Centella asiatica Extracts on the NIH/3T3 Cell Line

Shahraki, Samira and Shahbeiki, Fatemeh and Mohebbati, Reza (2023) An Investigation of the Cytotoxicity Effect of the Ziziphus jujuba L., Ribes khorasanicum, Crocus sativus Petal, and Centella asiatica Extracts on the NIH/3T3 Cell Line. Herbal Medicines Journal.

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Abstract

Background and Aim: Medicinal plants are used for treating different diseases in humans. In the present study, we investigated the cytotoxicity effect of the hydroalcoholic extracts of Ziziphus jujuba L., Ribes khorasanicum, Crocus sativus petal, and Centella asiatica on the cell viability and morphology of embryonic fibroblast NIH/3T3 cell line in mice. Materials and Methods: In this analytic cross-sectional study, we prepared the hydroalcoholic extracts of Ziziphus jujuba L., Ribes khorasanicum, Crocus sativus petal, and Centella asiatica to treat NIH/3T3 cell line using various concentrations of these extracts (78.1, 156.5, 312.5, 625, 1250, 2500, and 5000 μg/ml). Subsequently, we investigated cell viability with MTT assay and morphological changes using an inverted light microscope after 24h and 48 h. One-way analysis of variance was performed to compare the groups using SPSS software. Results: The results of this study indicated that the hydroalcoholic extracts of the Ziziphus jujuba L. and Ribes khorasanicum could induce less toxicity and morphological change in the NIH/3T3 cells (P<0.001). NIH/3T3 cells exposed to several concentrations of Crocus sativus petal and Centella asiatica hydroalcoholic extracts reduced cell viability and exhibited morphological changes (P<0.01) such as decreased number of live cells, and lost their spindle-like shape compared with the control group in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: Our findings showed that none of the Crocus sativus petal, Centella asiatica, Ziziphus jujuba L. and Ribes khorasanicum extracts had any cytotoxicity effects on NIH/3T3 cell line due to high IC50, although Ziziphus jujuba L. and Ribes khorasanicum exhibited greater degrees of safety than Crocus sativus petal and Centella asiatica.

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