The landscape of exosomal non-coding RNAs in breast cancer drug resistance, focusing on underlying molecular mechanisms

Rezaee, Malihe and Mohammadi, Fatemeh and Keshavarzmotamed, Atoosa and Yahyazadeh, Sheida and Azadi, Abbas (2023) The landscape of exosomal non-coding RNAs in breast cancer drug resistance, focusing on underlying molecular mechanisms. Frontiers in Pharmacology.

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Abstract

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy among women worldwide. Like many other cancers, BC therapy is challenging and sometimes frustrating. In spite of the various therapeutic modalities applied to treat the cancer, drug resistance, also known as, chemoresistance, is very common in almost all BCs. Undesirably, a breast tumor might be resistant to different curative approaches (e.g., chemo- and immunotherapy) at the same period of time. Exosomes, as double membrane-bound extracellular vesicles 1) secreted from different cell species, can considerably transfer cell products and components through the bloodstream. In this context, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including miRNAs, long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are a chief group of exosomal constituents with amazing abilities to regulate the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of BC, such as cell proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, migration, and particularly drug resistance. Thereby, exosomal ncRNAs can be considered potential mediators of BC progression and drug resistance. Moreover, as the corresponding exosomal ncRNAs circulate in the bloodstream and are found in different body fluids, they can serve as foremost OPEN ACCESS EDITED BY Sujit Nair, Viridis Biopharma Pvt. Ltd., India REVIEWED BY Mihir Khambete, Yale University, United States Jessian Munoz, Texas Children’s Hospital, United States *CORRESPONDENCE Mina Alimohammadi, mina.alimohammadi11@gmail.com Abbas Azadi, abasazadi47@gmail.com Hamed Mirzaei, h.mirzaei2002@gmail.com Alireza Mafi, armafi.m@gmail.com SPECIALTY SECTION This article was submitted to Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics, a section of the journal Frontiers in Pharmacology RECEIVED 28 January 2023 ACCEPTED 29 March 2023 PUBLISHED 19 April 2023 CITATION Rezaee M, Mohammadi F, Keshavarzmotamed A, Yahyazadeh S, Vakili O, Milasi YE, Veisi V, Dehmordi RM, Asadi S, Ghorbanhosseini SS, Rostami M, Alimohammadi M, Azadi A, Moussavi N, Asemi Z, Aminianfar A, Mirzaei H and Mafi A (2023), The landscape of exosomal non-coding RNAs in breast cancer drug resistance, focusing on underlying molecular mechanisms. Front. Pharmacol. 14:1152672. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1152672 COPYRIGHT © 2023 Rezaee, Mohammadi, Keshavarzmotamed, Yahyazadeh, Vakili, Milasi, Veisi, Dehmordi, Asadi, Ghorbanhosseini, Rostami, Alimohammadi, Azadi, Moussavi, Asemi, Aminianfar, Mirzaei and Mafi. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Frontiers in Pharmacology 01 frontiersin.org TYPE Review PUBLISHED 19 April 2023 DOI 10.3389/fphar.2023.1152672 prognostic/diagnostic biomarkers. The current study aims to comprehensively review the most recent findings on BC-related molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways affected by exosomal miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, with a focus on drug resistance. Also, the potential of the same exosomal ncRNAs in the diagnosis and prognosis of BC will be discussed in detail.

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