Investigation of Effects of Cynodon Dactylon Aqueous Extract on the Mice Model Ulcerative Colitis

Abbaszadeh, Abolfazl and Gheibi, Shahsanam and Zarei, Leila and Esmaeili Gouvarchin Ghaleh, Hadi (2019) Investigation of Effects of Cynodon Dactylon Aqueous Extract on the Mice Model Ulcerative Colitis. Herbal Medicines Journal, 3 (4). pp. 139-146. ISSN 2538-2144

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Abstract

Background and Aim: Cynodon dactylon (C. dactylon) has long been examined for its anti-inflammatory properties. Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is a type of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). This study investigated the impacts of C. dactylon on the inflammatory mediators of UC induced by acetic acid in Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: The experiment was conducted on 50 male Wistar rats equally divided into five groups. Excluding Group I (negative control), acetic acid was used to induce UC in the rats. The treatment groups received different doses of C. dactylon extract as follows: Group II (1 mL of 200 mg/kg orally per day), Group III (1 mL of 200 mg/kg as intra-colonic), Group IV (1 mL of intra-colonic 10 mg/kg Mesalazine), and Group V (1 mL of normal saline) as positive control. The whole treatment period lasted for 10 successive days. Upon the completion of the study, intestinal tissue and blood samples were taken from sacrificed rats. Measured parameters included inflammatory mediators, myeloperoxidase (MPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and activities of cytokines TNF-α and IL-6. Moreover, animals were evaluated for colon tissue histopathology. Results: A more significant remedial advantage of C. dactylon extract in two forms of trans-rectal and oral administration was observed in the colonic tissue damaged by acetic acid with reduced activities of MPO (2.01±0.152), SOD (0.35±0.62) and GPx (0.47±0.041). Amounts of TNF-α (145±8.544) and IL-6 (125±3.26) were lowered by all treatments. Aqueous extract C. dactylon had a more remarkable healing effect on damaged colonic tissue in both forms of trans-rectal and oral administration. Mesalazine and C. dactylon extracts were not significantly different in terms of gross damages. Conclusion: Our observations indicate that C. dactylon extract with anti-colitis property can be regarded as an appropriate candidate and a natural source of current medications. Keywords: C. dactylon, Inflammation, Ulcerative Colitis, Rat

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