The effects of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) on mental health parameters and Creactive protein: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

Ghaderi, Amir and Asbaghi, Omid and Reiner, Željko and Kolahdooz, Fariba and Amirani, Elaheh and Mirzaei, Hamed and Banafshe, Hamid Reza and Maleki Danaf, Parisa (2019) The effects of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) on mental health parameters and Creactive protein: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Complementary Therapies in Medicine.

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Abstract

Background: The findings of trials investigating the effects of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) supplementation on depression, anxiety, and C-reactive protein (CRP) are inconsistent. The current meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was carried out to assess the effects of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) administration on mental health parameters and CRP levels. Methods: Two independent authors systematically searched online databases including EMBASE, Scopus, PubMed, CochraneLibrary, andWeb ofScience frominception until 30th July 2019. CochraneCollaboration risk of bias tool was applied to assess the methodological quality of included trials. The heterogeneity among the included studies was assessed using Cochrane’s Q test and I-square (I2) statistic. Data were pooled using a random-effects model and weighted mean difference (WMD) was considered as the overall effect size. Results: Twenty one trials were included in this meta-analysis. Consumption of saffron resulted in a significant reduction in Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) (11 studies with 12 effect size) (WMD: −4.86; 95 % CI: −6.58, −3.14), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) (5 studies) (WMD: −5.29; 95 % CI: −8.27, −2.31) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores (3 studies with 4 effect size) (WMD: −2.22; 95 % CI: −2.73, −1.72). Saffron intake did not affect Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS-D), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS-A) scores and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. Conclusions: This meta-analysis demonstrated thatsaffronintakesignificantly reducedBDI, BAIand PSQIscores, but did not affect HDRS-D, HARS-A scores and CRP levels

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