Prevalence of Cutaneous Fungal Infections among Patients Referred to Mycology Laboratory of Toba Clinic in Sari, Iran: A Retrospective Study from 2009 to 2014

Nazer, Mohamad Reza and Golpour, Bahareh and Hatkehlouei, Mahdi Babaei and Golpour, Masoud (2018) Prevalence of Cutaneous Fungal Infections among Patients Referred to Mycology Laboratory of Toba Clinic in Sari, Iran: A Retrospective Study from 2009 to 2014. WORLD FAMILY MEDICINE, 16 (1). pp. 107-112.

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Abstract

Objective: Cutaneous fungal infections are non-invasive infections that manifest in different forms by affecting the skin, hair, or nail. Surveillance for fungal infections is important formaking strategies to assess and to prevent these infections especially in Mazandaran Province; a region with a hot humid climate in northern Iran. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of cutaneous fungal infections among patients referred to Mycology Laboratory of Toba Clinic in Sari, north of Iran. Materials & Methods: In this retrospective descriptive analytic study, medical charts of 4,414 patients with cutaneous fungal infections diagnosis who referred to the Mycology Laboratory of Toba Clinic in Sari, Iran during 2009-2014, were selected. Demographic characteristics of the patients were also recorded. Fungal culture was requested for all patients suspected of cutaneous fungal infections. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: Of the total 4,414 cases, 4,309 cases underwent direct and culture examination; 1,567 (36.4%) cases were positive. The rate of fungal infections was significantly different in the two genders (p<0.001). The most common sites of fungal infections were on the leg skin in 1,111 (25.7%), face and neck skin in 600 (13.9%), hands in 588 (13.6%) and groin involvement in 526 (12.2%). The most common identified fungal infections were saprophytic infection in 667 cases (42.2%), dermatophytic infection in 631 cases (39.9%) and candidiasis infection in 275 cases (17.4%) respectively. The most common dermatophytosis was Trichophyton mentagrophytes in 336 (21.24%). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that saprophytic infections were more common than the dermatophytoses in Sari located in Mazandaran province with a hot, humid climate. Tricophyton mentagrophyte is the most common species among dermatophytosis but in the other studies the commonest form were Tricophyton rubrum, Tricophyton verrucosum, Tricophyton violaceum and Epidermophyton floccosum. The differences could be due to differences in climate.

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