Azimi, Faramarz and Hafezi, Fariba and Ghaderpoori, Mansour and Kamarehie, Bahram and Karami, Mohammad Amin and Sorooshian, Armin and Norouzian Baghani, Abbas (2024) Temporal characteristics and health effects related to NO2, O3, and SO2 in an urban area of Iran. Environmental pollution.
Full text not available from this repository.Abstract
This study reports on temporal variations of NO2, O3, and SO2 pollutants and their related health effects in urban air of Khorramabad, Iran using AirQ 2.2.3 software. Based on data between 2015 and 2021, hourly NO2, O3, and SO2 concentrations increase starting at 6:00 a.m. local time until 9:00 p.m., 3:00 p.m., and 7:00 p.m. local time, respectively, before gradually decreasing. The highest monthly NO2, O3, and SO2 concentrations are observed in October, August, and September, respectively. Annual median NO2, O3, and SO2 concentrations range between 17 ppb and 38.8 ppb, 17.5 ppb-36.6 ppb, and ∼14 ppb-30.8 ppb, respectively. Two to 93 days and 17-156 days between 2015 and 2021 exhibit daily concentrations of NO2 and SO2 ≤ WHO AQGs, respectively, while 187-294 days have 8-h maximum O3 concentrations ≤ WHO AQGs. The mean excess mortality ascribed to respiratory mortality, cardiovascular mortality, hospital admissions for COPD, and acute myocardial infraction are 121, 603, 39, and 145 during 2015-2021, respectively. O3 is found to exert more significant health effects compared to SO2 and NO2, resulting in higher cardiovascular mortality. The gradual increase in NO2 and possibly O3 over the study period is suspected to be due to economic sanctions, while SO2 decreased due to regulatory activity. Sustainable control strategies such as improving fuel quality, promoting public transportation and vehicle retirement, applying subsidies for purchase of electric vehicles, and application of European emission standards on automobiles can help decrease target pollutant levels in ambient air of cities in developing countries. Keywords: AirQ; Health effect; NO(2); O(3); SO(2); air quality.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | R Medicine > R Medicine (General) R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine R Medicine > RZ Other systems of medicine |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences > School of Medicine |
| Depositing User: | lorestan university |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Apr 2024 06:19 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Apr 2024 06:19 |
| URI: | http://eprints.lums.ac.ir/id/eprint/4728 |
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