Soluble recombinant merozoite surface antigen-142 kDa of Plasmodium vivax: an improved diagnostic antigen for vivax malaria

Mirahmadi, Hadi and Fallahi, Shirzad and Seyyed Tabaei, javad (2016) Soluble recombinant merozoite surface antigen-142 kDa of Plasmodium vivax: an improved diagnostic antigen for vivax malaria. Journal of Microbiological Methods.

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Abstract

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), as a serological test, can be a beneficial tool for epidemiological studies by screening blood donors and diagnosis of specific antibodies from Plasmodium vivax (P. vivax) infected cases. Since P. vivax cannot easily be acquired in vitro, ELISA assays using total or semi-purified antigens are seldom used. On the basis of this restriction, we examined whether recombinant protein 42 kDa related to C-terminal region of the merozoite surface antigen-1 of P. vivax (MSA-142) could be suitable for serological detection of vivax malaria infection. Purified recombinant protein produced in Escherichia coli (E. coli) (GST-MSA-142) was examined for its ability to bind to IgG antibodies of individuals with patent P. vivax infection. The method was tested with 262 serum samples collected from individuals living in the south and southeastern regions of Iran erwhw malaria is endemic. Samples exposed to Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) infection and patients with other infectious disease (toxoplasmosis, Leishmania infantum infection, echinococcosis and FUO (fever with unknown origin) except for P. falciparum were residing in non- malaria endemic areas in Iran . Generally, the sensitivity of ELISA evaluated with sera from naturally infected individuals was 86.9%. The specificity value of the ELISA determined with sera from healthy individuals and from individuals with other infectious diseases was 94.05 %. The positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) provided, and the diagnostic efficiency of anti-rPv MSA-142 antibody using indirect ELISA were determined 93.58 , 87.77 and 91.06% respectively. Our study demonstrated that, because MSA-142 kDa contains both the 33 and 19 kDa fragments in its structure, it can serve as the basis for the development of a sensitive serological test which can be used for epidemiological studies, screening blood donors and diagnosis of P. vivax malaria.

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