%PDF-1.6
%
1 0 obj
<>
endobj
2 0 obj
<>stream
Heshmatollah Asadi, Batoul Ahmadi, Saharnaz Nejat, Ali Akbari Sari, Ali Garavand, Abdollah Almasian Kia, Mojtaba Hasoumi
Factors influencing the migration of Iranian healthcare professionals: A qualitative study
www.plosone.org
www.plosone.org
endstream
endobj
3 0 obj
<>/XObject<>>>/CropBox[0 0 612 792]/MediaBox[0 0 612 792]/Parent 9 0 R/Annots 10 0 R/Contents 11 0 R/TrimBox[0 0 612 792]>>
endobj
10 0 obj
[12 0 R 13 0 R 14 0 R 15 0 R 16 0 R 17 0 R 18 0 R 19 0 R 20 0 R 21 0 R 22 0 R 23 0 R 24 0 R 25 0 R 26 0 R 27 0 R]
endobj
12 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0199613.ref001)>>
endobj
13 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0199613.ref002)>>
endobj
14 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0199613.ref003)>>
endobj
15 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0199613.ref004)>>
endobj
16 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0199613.ref005)>>
endobj
17 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0199613.ref006)>>
endobj
18 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0199613.ref007)>>
endobj
19 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0199613.ref008)>>
endobj
20 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0199613.ref010)>>
endobj
21 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0199613.ref011)>>
endobj
22 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0199613.ref012)>>
endobj
23 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0199613.ref013)>>
endobj
24 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0199613.ref014)>>
endobj
25 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0199613.ref015)>>
endobj
26 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0199613.ref016)>>
endobj
27 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/A 28 0 R>>
endobj
28 0 obj
<>
endobj
11 0 obj
[29 0 R 30 0 R 31 0 R 32 0 R 33 0 R 34 0 R 35 0 R 36 0 R 37 0 R 38 0 R 39 0 R 40 0 R 41 0 R 42 0 R 43 0 R 44 0 R 45 0 R]
endobj
29 0 obj
<>stream
q
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
428.8252 674.9858 m
433.5307 674.9858 l
h
f*
393.222 662.0031 m
397.9843 662.0031 l
h
f*
431.0929 622.9984 m
435.8551 622.9984 l
h
f*
288.9071 596.9764 m
293.6693 596.9764 l
h
f*
203.4142 583.9937 m
208.1764 583.9937 l
h
f*
237.7701 558.0283 m
242.4756 558.0283 l
h
f*
256.5354 519.0236 m
261.2976 519.0236 l
h
f*
369.9213 480.0189 m
374.6835 480.0189 l
h
f*
379.8425 480.0189 m
389.3669 480.0189 l
h
f*
502.526 375.9874 m
512.0504 375.9874 l
h
f*
328.1386 350.022 m
337.663 350.022 l
h
f*
203.4142 297.978 m
212.9386 297.978 l
h
f*
256.989 259.0299 m
266.5134 259.0299 l
h
f*
411.6472 181.0205 m
421.1717 181.0205 l
h
f*
227.3953 115.9937 m
236.9197 115.9937 l
h
f*
0 g
1 j
1 J
0 w
11.9999 0 0 11.9999 200.0125 706.0535 cm
BT
/F2 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0033 Tc
0 0 Td
(Introduction)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 200.0125 689.1023 cm
BT
/F5 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(Human)Tj
3.3165 0 Td
(resources)Tj
3.9911 0 Td
(\(HR\))Tj
2.2904 0 Td
(are)Tj
1.4457 0 Td
(essential)Tj
3.5829 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.389 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(evolutions)Tj
4.3597 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(all)Tj
1.1452 0 Td
(nations;)Tj
3.4129 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.652 0 Td
(depletion)Tj
3.9798 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(these)Tj
-34.7922 -1.3039 Td
(resources)Tj
3.9911 0 Td
(delays)Tj
2.6646 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(process)Tj
3.1861 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(growth)Tj
3.0727 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7292 0 Td
(development)Tj
5.4141 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(1)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
1.5987 0 Td
(Human)Tj
3.3166 0 Td
(resources)Tj
3.9911 0 Td
(are)Tj
1.4457 0 Td
(also)Tj
1.7688 0 Td
(the)Tj
-34.6618 -1.2982 Td
(most)Tj
2.2053 0 Td
(important)Tj
4.2803 0 Td
(inputs)Tj
2.7382 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(healthcare)Tj
4.3257 0 Td
(system)Tj
2.9423 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(2)Tj
0 g
(])Tj
1.372 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(play)Tj
1.8708 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.652 0 Td
(vital)Tj
1.9219 0 Td
(role)Tj
1.7688 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(providing)Tj
4.1499 0 Td
(healthcare)Tj
-33.4826 -1.2983 Td
(services.)Tj
3.5319 0 Td
(Thus,)Tj
2.4718 0 Td
(clear)Tj
2.1146 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(appropriate)Tj
4.8756 0 Td
(human)Tj
3.0784 0 Td
(resources)Tj
3.9911 0 Td
(policies)Tj
3.2315 0 Td
(are)Tj
1.4513 0 Td
(needed)Tj
3.0898 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(order)Tj
2.4207 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(advocate)Tj
-34.0552 -1.3039 Td
(countries)Tj
3.9458 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0374 0 Td
(realizing)Tj
3.6567 0 Td
(health)Tj
2.6759 0 Td
(equity)Tj
2.6985 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(an)Tj
1.2019 0 Td
(objective)Tj
3.7814 0 Td
(which)Tj
2.6532 0 Td
(subsequently)Tj
5.4028 0 Td
(contributes)Tj
4.7565 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0205 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(uni-)Tj
-35.3194 -1.2983 Td
(versal)Tj
2.5114 0 Td
(call)Tj
1.5704 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(theSustainable)Tj
6.3836 0 Td
(Development)Tj
5.6182 0 Td
(Goals)Tj
2.4832 0 Td
(\(SDGs\))Tj
3.1861 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(3)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
-21.5715 -1.2982 Td
(However,)Tj
4.0818 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(importance)Tj
4.8302 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(human)Tj
3.0784 0 Td
(resources)Tj
3.9855 0 Td
(has)Tj
1.5477 0 Td
(been)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(neglected)Tj
4.0025 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(healthcare)Tj
4.3313 0 Td
(sector)Tj
2.6079 0 Td
(of)Tj
-36.7651 -1.304 Td
(developing)Tj
4.5977 0 Td
(countries)Tj
3.9515 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(4)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
1.5987 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7858 0 Td
(migration)Tj
4.1953 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(health)Tj
2.6759 0 Td
(specialists)Tj
4.1839 0 Td
(has)Tj
1.542 0 Td
(risen)Tj
2.1883 0 Td
(steadily)Tj
3.2315 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(recent)Tj
2.7099 0 Td
(years)Tj
-34.7128 -1.2982 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(5)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
1.5987 0 Td
(It)Tj
0.8617 0 Td
(is)Tj
0.8447 0 Td
(noteworthy)Tj
4.8416 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7801 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(World)Tj
2.8403 0 Td
(Health)Tj
2.9139 0 Td
(Organization)Tj
5.5219 0 Td
(stated)Tj
2.5625 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(2006)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7801 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(worldwide)Tj
-31.6401 -1.2983 Td
(shortage)Tj
3.6056 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(doctors,)Tj
3.4412 0 Td
(nurses,)Tj
3.0388 0 Td
(midwives,)Tj
4.2519 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(other)Tj
2.3471 0 Td
(health)Tj
2.6759 0 Td
(professionals)Tj
5.4141 0 Td
(is)Tj
0.8504 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1792 0 Td
(approx.)Tj
3.2598 0 Td
(4.3)Tj
1.3947 0 Td
(million)Tj
-34.2026 -1.2983 Td
(workers)Tj
3.4355 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(6)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
-2.2393 -1.3039 Td
(This)Tj
1.9899 0 Td
(has)Tj
1.542 0 Td
(resulted)Tj
3.4016 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6576 0 Td
(number)Tj
3.4186 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(negative)Tj
3.5319 0 Td
(consequences.)Tj
5.9244 0 Td
(First,)Tj
2.2677 0 Td
(it)Tj
0.788 0 Td
(entails)Tj
2.8006 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(rapid)Tj
2.3357 0 Td
(reduction)Tj
-33.3692 -1.2982 Td
(of)Tj
1.0147 0 Td
(access)Tj
2.6476 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0205 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7347 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(quality)Tj
2.9537 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(healthcare)Tj
4.3313 0 Td
(services)Tj
3.3052 0 Td
(which)Tj
2.6475 0 Td
(is)Tj
0.8504 0 Td
(most)Tj
2.2053 0 Td
(pronounced)Tj
5.125 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(rural)Tj
2.1714 0 Td
(areas)Tj
2.245 0 Td
(and)Tj
-35.7673 -1.2983 Td
(public)Tj
2.7099 0 Td
(sector)Tj
2.6021 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(7)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
1.5988 0 Td
(Such)Tj
2.177 0 Td
(migration)Tj
4.2009 0 Td
(has)Tj
1.542 0 Td
(led)Tj
1.4173 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0205 0 Td
(reduced)Tj
3.4469 0 Td
(number)Tj
3.4186 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(health)Tj
2.6759 0 Td
(personnel,)Tj
4.3936 0 Td
(disruption)Tj
4.4164 0 Td
(of)Tj
-36.6347 -1.3039 Td
(services,)Tj
3.5319 0 Td
(greater)Tj
3.0047 0 Td
(dissatisfaction,)Tj
6.0888 0 Td
(allowing)Tj
3.617 0 Td
(other)Tj
2.347 0 Td
(staff)Tj
1.8936 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0204 0 Td
(resign,)Tj
2.8857 0 Td
(increased)Tj
3.9968 0 Td
(waiting)Tj
3.1861 0 Td
(time)Tj
2.0296 0 Td
(for)Tj
-33.6016 -1.2983 Td
(patients)Tj
3.3675 0 Td
(seeking)Tj
3.2031 0 Td
(care,)Tj
2.0976 0 Td
(rising)Tj
2.5002 0 Td
(costs)Tj
2.1713 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(healthcare,)Tj
4.5581 0 Td
(loss)Tj
1.6951 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(experienced)Tj
5.0343 0 Td
(teachers,)Tj
3.7077 0 Td
(loss)Tj
1.6951 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(active)Tj
2.5171 0 Td
(pop-)Tj
-35.5915 -1.2982 Td
(ulation,)Tj
3.2711 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(well)Tj
1.8198 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(increase)Tj
3.4753 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(dependency)Tj
5.04 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(8)Tj
0 g
()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(10)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
-15.4544 -1.304 Td
(A)Tj
0.907 0 Td
(comprehensive)Tj
6.2872 0 Td
(literature)Tj
3.8835 0 Td
(review)Tj
2.8403 0 Td
(carried)Tj
3.0387 0 Td
(out)Tj
1.5534 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1849 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(research)Tj
3.5546 0 Td
(team)Tj
2.1997 0 Td
(has)Tj
1.542 0 Td
(revealed)Tj
3.5206 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7802 0 Td
(in)Tj
-34.9566 -1.2982 Td
(Iran,)Tj
2.1373 0 Td
(unfortunately,)Tj
5.9187 0 Td
(there)Tj
2.2677 0 Td
(is)Tj
0.8447 0 Td
(no)Tj
1.2756 0 Td
(comprehensive)Tj
6.2872 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(documented)Tj
5.244 0 Td
(information)Tj
5.0797 0 Td
(neither)Tj
3.0784 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.2756 0 Td
(the)Tj
-35.1437 -1.2983 Td
(extent)Tj
2.6758 0 Td
(nor)Tj
1.6498 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(number)Tj
3.4186 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(immigrants)Tj
4.8699 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(different)Tj
3.6566 0 Td
(major)Tj
2.6079 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(fields,)Tj
2.5625 0 Td
(with)Tj
1.9956 0 Td
(health)Tj
2.6759 0 Td
(care)Tj
1.8708 0 Td
(workforce)Tj
-33.2104 -1.2983 Td
(being)Tj
2.4321 0 Td
(no)Tj
1.2755 0 Td
(exception.)Tj
4.3143 0 Td
(In)Tj
1.1112 0 Td
(some)Tj
2.3301 0 Td
(cases,)Tj
2.4491 0 Td
(there)Tj
2.262 0 Td
(is)Tj
0.8504 0 Td
(also)Tj
1.7688 0 Td
(no)Tj
1.2756 0 Td
(evidence)Tj
3.7134 0 Td
(regarding)Tj
4.0932 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(number)Tj
3.4186 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(gradu-)Tj
-33.7774 -1.3039 Td
(ated)Tj
1.9048 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(ready)Tj
2.4322 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0204 0 Td
(work)Tj
2.2791 0 Td
(individuals.)Tj
4.8755 0 Td
(Lack)Tj
2.1147 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0147 0 Td
(information)Tj
5.074 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7292 0 Td
(detailed)Tj
3.3675 0 Td
(statistics)Tj
3.5943 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(these)Tj
2.2564 0 Td
(areas)Tj
-34.4237 -1.2982 Td
(are)Tj
1.4456 0 Td
(quite)Tj
2.245 0 Td
(evident.)Tj
3.3903 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7801 0 Td
(net)Tj
1.491 0 Td
(migration)Tj
4.2009 0 Td
(rate)Tj
1.7462 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(Iranian)Tj
3.1634 0 Td
(people)Tj
2.8516 0 Td
(during)Tj
2.931 0 Td
(20002010)Tj
4.5411 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(reported)Tj
-32.5018 -1.2983 Td
(about)Tj
2.4944 0 Td
(1.493)Tj
2.3471 0 Td
(million)Tj
3.1181 0 Td
(people,)Tj
3.0841 0 Td
(indicating)Tj
4.2632 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(greater)Tj
3.0048 0 Td
(outflow)Tj
3.2768 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(country's)Tj
3.9231 0 Td
(population)Tj
4.5921 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(other)Tj
-35.0926 -1.3039 Td
(countries)Tj
3.9458 0 Td
(compared)Tj
4.2462 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(immigrants)Tj
4.8699 0 Td
(entering)Tj
3.5659 0 Td
(into)Tj
1.8425 0 Td
(Iran)Tj
1.9106 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.2053 0 Td
(other)Tj
2.3527 0 Td
(countries)Tj
3.9458 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(11)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
2.075 0 Td
(In)Tj
1.1112 0 Td
(2009,)Tj
2.347 0 Td
(Iran)Tj
-35.4441 -1.2983 Td
(was)Tj
1.6951 0 Td
(ranked)Tj
3.0217 0 Td
(first)Tj
1.8085 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0374 0 Td
(terms)Tj
2.4945 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(migration)Tj
4.1953 0 Td
(rate)Tj
1.7461 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(skilled)Tj
2.7893 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(educated)Tj
3.8097 0 Td
(people)Tj
2.8517 0 Td
(amongst)Tj
3.6566 0 Td
(91)Tj
1.1679 0 Td
(devel-)Tj
-34.0325 -1.2983 Td
(oped)Tj
2.194 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(developing)Tj
4.6034 0 Td
(countries)Tj
3.9458 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(12)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
-11.2761 -1.3039 Td
(Allaedini)Tj
3.8664 0 Td
(et)Tj
0.9411 0 Td
(al.)Tj
1.1282 0 Td
(conducted)Tj
4.4277 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6519 0 Td
(study)Tj
2.3925 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0204 0 Td
(determine)Tj
4.3257 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(extent)Tj
2.6816 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(reasons)Tj
3.2258 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(inclination)Tj
4.5751 0 Td
(to)Tj
-36.1131 -1.2982 Td
(migrate)Tj
3.2995 0 Td
(among)Tj
2.9933 0 Td
(Iranian)Tj
3.1635 0 Td
(physicians.)Tj
4.6091 0 Td
(This)Tj
1.9842 0 Td
(study)Tj
2.3924 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.6951 0 Td
(performed)Tj
4.4731 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.2756 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6519 0 Td
(sample)Tj
3.0217 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(5482)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(physicians.)Tj
-32.6945 -1.2983 Td
(The)Tj
1.7801 0 Td
(results)Tj
2.8119 0 Td
(showed)Tj
3.2485 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7802 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(average)Tj
3.2258 0 Td
(rate)Tj
1.7462 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0147 0 Td
(physicians)Tj
4.3824 0 Td
(who)Tj
1.9389 0 Td
(are)Tj
1.4513 0 Td
(willing)Tj
2.9423 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(immigrate)Tj
4.388 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.6951 0 Td
(53.3%)Tj
-34.8999 -1.3039 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(13)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
2.0692 0 Td
(Also,)Tj
2.2337 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4627 0 Td
(findings)Tj
3.4809 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0091 0 Td
(another)Tj
3.3222 0 Td
(study)Tj
2.3811 0 Td
(carried)Tj
3.0274 0 Td
(out)Tj
1.5477 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.2642 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4627 0 Td
(students)Tj
3.5603 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0035 0 Td
(Iran)Tj
1.9048 0 Td
(University)Tj
4.3994 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0034 0 Td
(Medi-)Tj
-35.1323 -1.2983 Td
(cal)Tj
1.3209 0 Td
(Sciences)Tj
3.5659 0 Td
(categorized)Tj
4.7736 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(factors)Tj
2.9026 0 Td
(affecting)Tj
3.6567 0 Td
(migration)Tj
4.1952 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(students)Tj
3.566 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(follows:)Tj
3.2882 0 Td
(economic,)Tj
4.3596 0 Td
(edu-)Tj
-35.1323 -1.2982 Td
(cational,)Tj
3.5999 0 Td
(administrative,)Tj
6.2192 0 Td
(professional,)Tj
5.2781 0 Td
(social)Tj
2.4604 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7292 0 Td
(cultural)Tj
3.2938 0 Td
(factors,)Tj
3.1294 0 Td
(besides)Tj
3.0898 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(phenomenon)Tj
5.5956 0 Td
(of)Tj
-35.8637 -1.2983 Td
(globalization)Tj
5.3574 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(14)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
-4.1612 -1.3039 Td
(Haghdoust)Tj
4.6374 0 Td
(et)Tj
0.9411 0 Td
(al,)Tj
1.1282 0 Td
(conducted)Tj
4.4277 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6519 0 Td
(study)Tj
2.3925 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(investigate)Tj
4.456 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(documents)Tj
4.6545 0 Td
(related)Tj
2.948 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0205 0 Td
(scholarships)Tj
-30.9541 -1.2983 Td
(granted)Tj
3.2881 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(Iranian)Tj
3.1634 0 Td
(students)Tj
3.566 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1792 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(Iran's)Tj
2.4945 0 Td
(Ministry)Tj
3.6793 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(Health)Tj
2.914 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(Medical)Tj
3.4356 0 Td
(Education.)Tj
4.5467 0 Td
(They)Tj
-33.5109 -1.2983 Td
(found)Tj
2.6191 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7745 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(rate)Tj
1.7462 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(those)Tj
2.3357 0 Td
(graduated)Tj
4.2293 0 Td
(students)Tj
3.5659 0 Td
(who)Tj
1.9389 0 Td
(have)Tj
2.0636 0 Td
(not)Tj
1.5704 0 Td
(returned)Tj
3.7134 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(country)Tj
3.3506 0 Td
(was)Tj
-33.8908 -1.3039 Td
(around)Tj
3.135 0 Td
(40%.)Tj
2.1544 0 Td
(Results)Tj
3.0614 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(this)Tj
1.6724 0 Td
(study)Tj
2.3867 0 Td
(indicated)Tj
3.9402 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7801 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(lowest)Tj
2.7382 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(highest)Tj
3.0898 0 Td
(rate)Tj
1.7461 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(students)Tj
-32.4054 -1.2982 Td
(returning)Tj
4.0421 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(country)Tj
3.3505 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(related)Tj
2.9424 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(those)Tj
2.3357 0 Td
(who)Tj
1.9389 0 Td
(completed)Tj
4.405 0 Td
(their)Tj
2.109 0 Td
(study)Tj
2.3924 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(North)Tj
2.6646 0 Td
(American)Tj
-32.4338 -1.2983 Td
(\(10%\))Tj
2.6078 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(European)Tj
4.1216 0 Td
(\(70.2%\))Tj
3.3052 0 Td
(countries,)Tj
4.1782 0 Td
(respectively)Tj
4.8812 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(15)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
2.075 0 Td
(In)Tj
1.1111 0 Td
(another)Tj
3.3279 0 Td
(study,)Tj
2.6192 0 Td
(Sohbatiha)Tj
4.1952 0 Td
(et)Tj
0.9411 0 Td
(al,)Tj
-35.0926 -1.3039 Td
(conducted)Tj
4.4276 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.652 0 Td
(study)Tj
2.3924 0 Td
(whose)Tj
2.7213 0 Td
(research)Tj
3.5546 0 Td
(community)Tj
4.8869 0 Td
(included)Tj
3.7134 0 Td
(Iranian)Tj
3.1634 0 Td
(academics)Tj
4.3313 0 Td
(with)Tj
2.0013 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6519 0 Td
(position)Tj
3.4923 0 Td
(in)Tj
-35.9884 -1.2983 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(scientific)Tj
3.787 0 Td
(board)Tj
2.5682 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(10)Tj
1.1735 0 Td
(top)Tj
1.542 0 Td
(American)Tj
4.1896 0 Td
(universities.)Tj
5.0173 0 Td
(In)Tj
1.1112 0 Td
(this)Tj
1.6724 0 Td
(study,)Tj
2.6135 0 Td
(Scopus)Tj
3.0331 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(used)Tj
2.0579 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(col-)Tj
-35.4441 -1.2983 Td
(lect)Tj
1.61 0 Td
(required)Tj
3.6397 0 Td
(information.)Tj
5.3007 0 Td
(Results)Tj
3.0614 0 Td
(showed)Tj
3.2485 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7802 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(all)Tj
1.1451 0 Td
(professors)Tj
4.2917 0 Td
(with)Tj
1.9956 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6519 0 Td
(role)Tj
1.7688 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(faculty)Tj
2.8913 0 Td
(member)Tj
-33.4145 -1.3039 Td
(141)Tj
1.644 0 Td
(professors)Tj
4.2917 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(Iranian,)Tj
3.3902 0 Td
(most)Tj
2.2053 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(whom)Tj
2.7553 0 Td
(\(about)Tj
2.8346 0 Td
(40%\))Tj
2.2677 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.126 0 Td
(active)Tj
2.5228 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(field)Tj
1.9729 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(medical)Tj
3.3619 0 Td
(sci-)Tj
-36.0224 -1.2982 Td
(ences)Tj
2.398 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(16)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
2.075 0 Td
(In)Tj
1.1112 0 Td
(Iran,)Tj
2.1373 0 Td
(limited)Tj
3.0727 0 Td
(studies)Tj
2.9877 0 Td
(have)Tj
2.058 0 Td
(focused)Tj
3.2768 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.2756 0 Td
(defining)Tj
3.5546 0 Td
(factors)Tj
2.9026 0 Td
(affecting)Tj
3.6567 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(migration)Tj
4.1953 0 Td
(of)Tj
-36.1755 -1.2983 Td
(health)Tj
2.6758 0 Td
(care)Tj
1.8709 0 Td
(human)Tj
3.0784 0 Td
(resources.)Tj
4.2179 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7802 0 Td
(aim)Tj
1.7404 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(this)Tj
1.6725 0 Td
(study)Tj
2.3924 0 Td
(is)Tj
0.8504 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0204 0 Td
(determine)Tj
4.3257 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(factors)Tj
2.9027 0 Td
(influencing)Tj
4.7735 0 Td
(the)Tj
-35.7843 -1.2983 Td
(migration)Tj
4.1952 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(specialist)Tj
3.8211 0 Td
(human)Tj
3.0784 0 Td
(resources)Tj
3.9911 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(health)Tj
2.6815 0 Td
(system)Tj
2.9367 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(Iran.)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
576 737.1 m
36 737.1 l
36 737.6 l
576 737.6 l
f*
36 741.2598 107.1496 23.6976 re
W* n
q
107.0929 0 0 23.6409 36 741.3165 cm
q
/I0 Do
Q
Q
Q
q
0 0 612 792 re
W* n
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.9999 0 0 7.9999 367.0299 745.7952 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.005 Tc
0 0 Td
(Factors)Tj
3.5079 0 Td
(affecting)Tj
3.9331 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.5874 0 Td
(migratio)Tj
3.4866 0 Td
(n)Tj
0.7654 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0417 0 Td
(specialist)Tj
4.252 0 Td
(human)Tj
3.2244 0 Td
(resources)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
36 48.0002 m
576 48.0002 l
576 47.5002 l
36 47.5002 l
f*
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
81.5811 34.9228 m
237.8835 34.9228 l
h
f*
0 g
7.9999 0 0 7.9999 36 36 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.005 Tc
0 0 Td
(PLOS)Tj
2.8559 0 Td
(ONE)Tj
2.3669 0 Td
(|)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
0.4748 0 Td
(https://doi.or)Tj
5.4142 0 Td
(g/10.137)Tj
3.8198 0 Td
(1/journal.po)Tj
5.1236 0 Td
(ne.01996)Tj
4.089 0 Td
(13)Tj
0 g
2.0906 0 Td
(June)Tj
2.3528 0 Td
(27,)Tj
1.5874 0 Td
(2018)Tj
34.9656 0 Td
(2)Tj
0.7654 0 Td
(/)Tj
ET
endstream
endobj
30 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
31 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
32 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
33 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
34 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
35 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
36 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
37 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
38 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
39 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
40 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
41 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
42 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
43 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
44 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
45 0 obj
<>stream
BT
66.402 0 Td
(11)Tj
ET
Q
endstream
endobj
46 0 obj
<>/XObject<>>>/CropBox[0 0 612 792]/MediaBox[0 0 612 792]/Parent 9 0 R/Annots 47 0 R/Contents 48 0 R/TrimBox[0 0 612 792]>>
endobj
47 0 obj
[49 0 R 50 0 R 51 0 R 52 0 R 53 0 R 54 0 R 55 0 R]
endobj
49 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0199613.s001)>>
endobj
50 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0199613.ref017)>>
endobj
51 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0199613.ref018)>>
endobj
52 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0199613.t001)>>
endobj
53 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0199613.t002)>>
endobj
54 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0199613.t003)>>
endobj
55 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/A 56 0 R>>
endobj
56 0 obj
<>
endobj
48 0 obj
[57 0 R 58 0 R 59 0 R 60 0 R 61 0 R 62 0 R 63 0 R 64 0 R 65 0 R]
endobj
57 0 obj
<>stream
q
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
226.0346 363.0047 m
275.1874 363.0047 l
h
f*
346.7906 272.0126 m
356.315 272.0126 l
h
f*
338.4567 259.0299 m
347.9244 259.0299 l
h
f*
365.3291 133.9087 m
394.4693 133.9087 l
h
f*
231.4205 81.9213 m
236.2394 81.9213 l
h
f*
255.685 81.9213 m
260.4472 81.9213 l
h
f*
0 g
1 j
1 J
0 w
11.9999 0 0 11.9999 200.0125 706.0535 cm
BT
/F2 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0033 Tc
0 0 Td
(Materials)Tj
4.5071 0 Td
(&)Tj
0.9354 0 Td
(methods)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 200.0125 689.1023 cm
BT
/F5 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(This)Tj
1.9842 0 Td
(is)Tj
0.8504 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6519 0 Td
(qualitative)Tj
4.3767 0 Td
(study,)Tj
2.6192 0 Td
(carried)Tj
3.0387 0 Td
(out)Tj
1.5534 0 Td
(between)Tj
3.5263 0 Td
(December)Tj
4.3483 0 Td
(2015)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(September)Tj
4.4844 0 Td
(2016.)Tj
2.3471 0 Td
(The)Tj
-33.63 -1.3039 Td
(inclusion)Tj
3.9174 0 Td
(criteria)Tj
3.0727 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.126 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(follows:)Tj
-8.9347 -1.2982 Td
(1\))Tj
1.0374 0 Td
(Actual)Tj
2.8347 0 Td
(migration)Tj
4.2009 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(individuals)Tj
4.6488 0 Td
(or)Tj
1.0941 0 Td
(their)Tj
2.109 0 Td
(desire)Tj
2.5965 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(emigrate;)Tj
3.9458 0 Td
(2\))Tj
1.0374 0 Td
(being)Tj
2.4265 0 Td
(Iranian;)Tj
3.3902 0 Td
(3\))Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(having)Tj
2.9196 0 Td
(a)Tj
-36.5156 -1.2983 Td
(history)Tj
3.0047 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(living)Tj
2.4717 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0319 0 Td
(Iran)Tj
1.9162 0 Td
(before)Tj
2.7382 0 Td
(emigrating;)Tj
4.8075 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7292 0 Td
(4\))Tj
1.0374 0 Td
(education)Tj
4.1783 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(graduate)Tj
3.702 0 Td
(levels)Tj
2.3754 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(science)Tj
3.0898 0 Td
(fields)Tj
-35.1437 -1.3039 Td
(or)Tj
1.0941 0 Td
(at)Tj
0.9525 0 Td
(least)Tj
1.9842 0 Td
(five)Tj
1.6554 0 Td
(years)Tj
2.262 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(work)Tj
2.2791 0 Td
(experience)Tj
4.507 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(field)Tj
1.9729 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(medical)Tj
3.3618 0 Td
(sciences.)Tj
3.6794 0 Td
(Purposeful)Tj
4.5467 0 Td
(sampling)Tj
-32.8306 -1.2983 Td
(with)Tj
1.9955 0 Td
(maximum)Tj
4.371 0 Td
(variation)Tj
3.8041 0 Td
(sampling)Tj
3.8778 0 Td
(\(in)Tj
1.3776 0 Td
(terms)Tj
2.4945 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(field)Tj
1.9729 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(study\))Tj
2.7269 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(used)Tj
2.0579 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(select)Tj
2.3981 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(partici-)Tj
-33.3012 -1.2982 Td
(pants)Tj
2.3754 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0374 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(study.)Tj
2.6192 0 Td
(Two)Tj
2.0182 0 Td
(individuals)Tj
4.6488 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.126 0 Td
(excluded)Tj
3.7814 0 Td
(due)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(personal)Tj
3.6283 0 Td
(reasons.)Tj
-25.2338 -1.304 Td
(Different)Tj
3.8664 0 Td
(methods)Tj
3.685 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(used)Tj
2.0636 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(access)Tj
2.6418 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(participants.)Tj
5.1817 0 Td
(In)Tj
1.1055 0 Td
(one,)Tj
1.9276 0 Td
(we)Tj
1.3266 0 Td
(used)Tj
2.0579 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(university)Tj
4.1896 0 Td
(web-)Tj
-35.3364 -1.2982 Td
(site)Tj
1.5703 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(contact)Tj
3.1521 0 Td
(faculty)Tj
2.8913 0 Td
(members)Tj
3.9458 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(different)Tj
3.6567 0 Td
(scientific)Tj
3.787 0 Td
(boards)Tj
2.9254 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(three)Tj
2.2677 0 Td
(large)Tj
2.1599 0 Td
(universities,)Tj
5.0173 0 Td
(includ-)Tj
-34.4293 -1.2983 Td
(ing)Tj
1.5023 0 Td
(Tehran,)Tj
3.3562 0 Td
(Iran,)Tj
2.143 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(Shahid)Tj
2.982 0 Td
(Beheshti)Tj
3.6284 0 Td
(universities)Tj
4.7905 0 Td
(Via)Tj
1.6157 0 Td
(academic)Tj
3.9742 0 Td
(email.)Tj
2.6305 0 Td
(They)Tj
2.2394 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(asked)Tj
2.4661 0 Td
(to)Tj
-35.1777 -1.2983 Td
(introduce)Tj
4.1158 0 Td
(those)Tj
2.3358 0 Td
(people)Tj
2.8516 0 Td
(who)Tj
1.9389 0 Td
(meet)Tj
2.1883 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(inclusion)Tj
3.9174 0 Td
(criteria)Tj
3.0784 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(present)Tj
3.1635 0 Td
(study)Tj
2.3868 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(whether)Tj
3.4809 0 Td
(they)Tj
-35.138 -1.3039 Td
(wanted)Tj
3.135 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(participate)Tj
4.473 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(study.)Tj
2.6136 0 Td
(Another)Tj
3.5773 0 Td
(way)Tj
1.7971 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0205 0 Td
(find)Tj
1.8538 0 Td
(participants)Tj
4.955 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3889 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(study)Tj
2.3924 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.6951 0 Td
(through)Tj
-33.9021 -1.2982 Td
(personal)Tj
3.6283 0 Td
(contacts)Tj
3.5149 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(those)Tj
2.3358 0 Td
(who)Tj
1.9389 0 Td
(had)Tj
1.7064 0 Td
(referred)Tj
3.4242 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(human)Tj
3.0784 0 Td
(resources)Tj
3.9855 0 Td
(department)Tj
4.8869 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(Iranian)Tj
-33.0347 -1.2983 Td
(Ministry)Tj
3.6793 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(Health)Tj
2.9197 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3833 0 Td
(translating)Tj
4.4957 0 Td
(their)Tj
2.1033 0 Td
(educational)Tj
4.8585 0 Td
(degree.)Tj
3.0841 0 Td
(We)Tj
1.6044 0 Td
(also)Tj
1.7688 0 Td
(asked)Tj
2.4661 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(participants)Tj
4.9549 0 Td
(to)Tj
-35.8013 -1.3039 Td
(introduce)Tj
4.1158 0 Td
(other)Tj
2.3471 0 Td
(eligible)Tj
3.0614 0 Td
(people)Tj
2.8573 0 Td
(who)Tj
1.9389 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(willing)Tj
2.948 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(participate)Tj
4.4674 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(study.)Tj
-0.025 Tc
-26.1919 -1.2983 Td
(Data)Tj
2.0409 0 Td
(collection)Tj
3.9004 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.6385 0 Td
(carried)Tj
2.8913 0 Td
(out)Tj
1.491 0 Td
(through)Tj
3.2938 0 Td
(semi-structured)Tj
6.2589 0 Td
(interviews.)Tj
4.3143 0 Td
(This)Tj
1.9049 0 Td
(study)Tj
2.2847 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.6327 0 Td
(reviewed)Tj
-32.8476 -1.2982 Td
(and)Tj
1.6667 0 Td
(approved)Tj
3.8041 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1395 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.406 0 Td
(Ethic)Tj
2.1996 0 Td
(Committee)Tj
4.5525 0 Td
(of)Tj
0.9751 0 Td
(Tehran)Tj
3.0103 0 Td
(University)Tj
4.1953 0 Td
(of)Tj
0.9694 0 Td
(Medical)Tj
3.2882 0 Td
(Sciences,)Tj
3.6057 0 Td
(Iran)Tj
1.8255 0 Td
(\(No.)Tj
1.9445 0 Td
(IR.)Tj
-34.5824 -1.304 Td
(TUMS.REC.1394.131\))Tj
8.7589 0 Td
(before)Tj
2.6136 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.406 0 Td
(study)Tj
2.2847 0 Td
(began.)Tj
2.6985 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7178 0 Td
(objectives)Tj
3.9345 0 Td
(of)Tj
0.9694 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.406 0 Td
(research)Tj
3.3902 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.6668 0 Td
(characteristics)Tj
5.5899 0 Td
(of)Tj
-36.4363 -1.2982 Td
(the)Tj
1.4059 0 Td
(research)Tj
3.3902 0 Td
(team)Tj
2.109 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.0409 0 Td
(explained)Tj
3.8835 0 Td
(to)Tj
0.9808 0 Td
(interviewees)Tj
4.9152 0 Td
(beforehand.)Tj
4.7735 0 Td
(All)Tj
1.3323 0 Td
(participants)Tj
4.7055 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.0409 0 Td
(informed)Tj
3.8041 0 Td
(about)Tj
-35.3818 -1.2983 Td
(the)Tj
1.4059 0 Td
(purpose,)Tj
3.5036 0 Td
(type)Tj
1.8312 0 Td
(of)Tj
0.9694 0 Td
(study,)Tj
2.4888 0 Td
(ways)Tj
2.0693 0 Td
(of)Tj
0.9751 0 Td
(publishing)Tj
4.2463 0 Td
(data)Tj
1.8255 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.6724 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.406 0 Td
(voluntary)Tj
3.8721 0 Td
(nature)Tj
2.6986 0 Td
(of)Tj
0.9694 0 Td
(participation.)Tj
5.3064 0 Td
(Data)Tj
-35.24 -1.2983 Td
(were)Tj
2.0352 0 Td
(collected)Tj
3.5546 0 Td
(only)Tj
1.8936 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(those)Tj
2.2337 0 Td
(who)Tj
1.8708 0 Td
(voluntarily)Tj
4.3483 0 Td
(participated)Tj
4.7452 0 Td
(in)Tj
0.9978 0 Td
(this)Tj
1.5874 0 Td
(study.)Tj
2.4888 0 Td
(For)Tj
1.5647 0 Td
(those)Tj
2.2337 0 Td
(in)Tj
0.9921 0 Td
(Iran,)Tj
2.0353 0 Td
(inter-)Tj
-34.7015 -1.3039 Td
(views)Tj
2.3017 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.0409 0 Td
(carried)Tj
2.8913 0 Td
(out)Tj
1.491 0 Td
(face)Tj
1.7065 0 Td
(to)Tj
0.9808 0 Td
(face)Tj
1.7064 0 Td
(during)Tj
2.8006 0 Td
(recess)Tj
2.4605 0 Td
(time.)Tj
2.1486 0 Td
(Also,)Tj
2.1373 0 Td
(Skype)Tj
2.4832 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.6327 0 Td
(used)Tj
1.9786 0 Td
(to)Tj
0.9808 0 Td
(conduct)Tj
3.3335 0 Td
(interview)Tj
-33.0744 -1.2982 Td
(for)Tj
1.3209 0 Td
(those)Tj
2.2337 0 Td
(Iranian)Tj
3.016 0 Td
(living)Tj
2.3414 0 Td
(abroad.)Tj
3.0841 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7178 0 Td
(interviews)Tj
4.1102 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.0353 0 Td
(conducted)Tj
4.2406 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1395 0 Td
(two)Tj
1.6441 0 Td
(members)Tj
3.804 0 Td
(of)Tj
0.9695 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4059 0 Td
(research)Tj
-33.063 -1.2983 Td
(team)Tj
2.1089 0 Td
(\(H.A.,)Tj
2.5625 0 Td
(B.A.\))Tj
2.1713 0 Td
(so)Tj
1.0432 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.6951 0 Td
(each)Tj
1.9445 0 Td
(single)Tj
2.4095 0 Td
(interview)Tj
3.77 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.6328 0 Td
(conducted)Tj
4.2406 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1395 0 Td
(only)Tj
1.8935 0 Td
(one)Tj
1.6328 0 Td
(researcher.)Tj
4.3483 0 Td
(An)Tj
1.4116 0 Td
(interview)Tj
-34.0041 -1.3039 Td
(guide)Tj
2.3243 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.6385 0 Td
(prepared)Tj
3.634 0 Td
(using)Tj
2.2847 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4116 0 Td
(opinions)Tj
3.5716 0 Td
(of)Tj
0.9752 0 Td
(experts)Tj
2.931 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.6667 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4117 0 Td
(research)Tj
3.3845 0 Td
(team)Tj
2.1146 0 Td
(based)Tj
2.3641 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.2359 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.406 0 Td
(objective)Tj
3.5943 0 Td
(of)Tj
-35.9487 -1.2983 Td
(study)Tj
2.2847 0 Td
(\()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(S1)Tj
1.4456 0 Td
(Appendix)Tj
0 g
(\).)Tj
4.5298 0 Td
(Each)Tj
2.0862 0 Td
(interview)Tj
3.7701 0 Td
(session)Tj
2.9027 0 Td
(lasted)Tj
2.3867 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3209 0 Td
(between)Tj
3.3846 0 Td
(30120)Tj
2.9877 0 Td
(minutes.)Tj
3.5263 0 Td
(Statements)Tj
4.388 0 Td
(of)Tj
-35.0133 -1.2983 Td
(individuals)Tj
4.4163 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.0409 0 Td
(recorded)Tj
3.6284 0 Td
(using)Tj
2.2847 0 Td
(Sony)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(icd-px33)Tj
3.5546 0 Td
(voice)Tj
2.1883 0 Td
(recorder)Tj
3.4753 0 Td
(in)Tj
0.9921 0 Td
(addition)Tj
3.4299 0 Td
(to)Tj
0.9808 0 Td
(taking)Tj
2.6078 0 Td
(notes.)Tj
-0.004 Tc
-30.5232 -1.3039 Td
(The)Tj
-0.01 Tc
1.7858 0 Td
(answers)Tj
3.3618 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.0977 0 Td
(reviewed)Tj
3.7473 0 Td
(immediately)Tj
5.1364 0 Td
(after)Tj
2.0069 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4513 0 Td
(end)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0035 0 Td
(each)Tj
2.0012 0 Td
(interview)Tj
3.9061 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7122 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.0976 0 Td
(then)Tj
1.9956 0 Td
(typed)Tj
-35.2004 -1.2982 Td
(verbatim)Tj
3.7473 0 Td
(so)Tj
1.0772 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7518 0 Td
(saturation)Tj
4.2066 0 Td
(point)Tj
2.33 0 Td
(could)Tj
2.4208 0 Td
(be)Tj
1.1395 0 Td
(achieved)Tj
3.651 0 Td
(through)Tj
3.4073 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4513 0 Td
(level)Tj
1.9842 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0035 0 Td
(similarity)Tj
3.9458 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0034 0 Td
(individual)Tj
-33.1197 -1.2983 Td
(responses.)Tj
4.2576 0 Td
(In)Tj
1.0998 0 Td
(this)Tj
1.6497 0 Td
(study,)Tj
2.5796 0 Td
(data)Tj
1.8878 0 Td
(saturation)Tj
4.2066 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.6838 0 Td
(met)Tj
1.7404 0 Td
(after)Tj
2.007 0 Td
(21)Tj
1.1565 0 Td
(interviews;)Tj
4.4787 0 Td
(however,)Tj
3.7927 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0205 0 Td
(order)Tj
2.3924 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(make)Tj
-34.9679 -1.3039 Td
(sure)Tj
1.8765 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0034 0 Td
(data)Tj
1.8936 0 Td
(saturation,)Tj
4.422 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.457 0 Td
(research)Tj
3.5036 0 Td
(team)Tj
2.1713 0 Td
(agreed)Tj
2.829 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(perform)Tj
3.4752 0 Td
(three)Tj
2.2337 0 Td
(additional)Tj
4.2179 0 Td
(interviews.)Tj
-0.004 Tc
-28.9018 -1.2983 Td
(Data)Tj
2.1259 0 Td
(analysis)Tj
3.3279 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.6951 0 Td
(done)Tj
2.228 0 Td
(using)Tj
2.3924 0 Td
(MAXQDA10)Tj
5.5672 0 Td
(software,)Tj
3.8098 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(Conventional)Tj
5.6693 0 Td
(Content)Tj
3.5092 0 Td
(Analysis)Tj
-33.2501 -1.2982 Td
(approach)Tj
3.9514 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(used)Tj
2.0579 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3833 0 Td
(data)Tj
1.9162 0 Td
(analysis)Tj
3.3279 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(17)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
2.0749 0 Td
(Content)Tj
3.5093 0 Td
(analysis)Tj
3.3279 0 Td
(is)Tj
0.8447 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.652 0 Td
(suitable)Tj
3.2881 0 Td
(method)Tj
3.3222 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(achieve)Tj
3.1748 0 Td
(valid)Tj
-35.5575 -1.2983 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(reliable)Tj
3.1407 0 Td
(results)Tj
2.8063 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.2054 0 Td
(text)Tj
1.7064 0 Td
(data)Tj
1.9162 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(18)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
2.075 0 Td
(Transcripts)Tj
4.7848 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(interviews)Tj
4.3199 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(initially)Tj
3.2542 0 Td
(read)Tj
1.9729 0 Td
(care-)Tj
-34.5144 -1.3039 Td
(fully)Tj
1.9842 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0205 0 Td
(analyse)Tj
3.1237 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(data.)Tj
2.1429 0 Td
(After)Tj
2.2847 0 Td
(obtaining)Tj
4.0592 0 Td
(an)Tj
1.2019 0 Td
(overview)Tj
3.8098 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0147 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(interviews,)Tj
4.5467 0 Td
(each)Tj
2.0296 0 Td
(transcript)Tj
4.1102 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.6951 0 Td
(re-)Tj
-35.96 -1.2983 Td
(read)Tj
1.9729 0 Td
(word)Tj
2.313 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1792 0 Td
(word)Tj
2.3131 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0374 0 Td
(order)Tj
2.4208 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0205 0 Td
(extract)Tj
2.9367 0 Td
(codes)Tj
2.4604 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.2054 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(interviews.)Tj
4.541 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7858 0 Td
(final)Tj
2.0013 0 Td
(analysis)Tj
3.3278 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(done)Tj
-34.6901 -1.2983 Td
(after)Tj
2.0352 0 Td
(determination)Tj
5.9527 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(codes,)Tj
2.6873 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(relation)Tj
3.3165 0 Td
(between)Tj
3.5263 0 Td
(code)Tj
2.1033 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(categories)Tj
4.1952 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.6951 0 Td
(then)Tj
2.0183 0 Td
(estab-)Tj
-33.4769 -1.3039 Td
(lished.)Tj
2.7949 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7858 0 Td
(agreement)Tj
4.4277 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.2756 0 Td
(codes)Tj
2.4604 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(concluded)Tj
4.3767 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(interviews)Tj
4.32 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(reviewed)Tj
3.7984 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1792 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(research)Tj
-33.4372 -1.2982 Td
(team)Tj
2.194 0 Td
(\(Peer)Tj
2.3357 0 Td
(check\).)Tj
3.0841 0 Td
(Member)Tj
3.6566 0 Td
(checking)Tj
3.7928 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7007 0 Td
(also)Tj
1.7688 0 Td
(performed)Tj
4.4674 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(ensure)Tj
2.8743 0 Td
(accuracy)Tj
3.7133 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(data)Tj
1.9162 0 Td
(collected.)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
11.9999 0 0 11.9999 200.0125 164.9763 cm
BT
/F2 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0033 Tc
0 0 Td
(Results)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 200.0125 148.0251 cm
BT
/F5 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(A)Tj
0.8957 0 Td
(total)Tj
1.9956 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0091 0 Td
(24)Tj
1.1622 0 Td
(interviews)Tj
4.3143 0 Td
(with)Tj
1.9899 0 Td
(eight)Tj
2.194 0 Td
(females)Tj
3.2088 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7235 0 Td
(16)Tj
1.1622 0 Td
(males)Tj
2.4944 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1147 0 Td
(carried)Tj
3.033 0 Td
(out)Tj
1.5477 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(this)Tj
1.6667 0 Td
(study.)Tj
2.6079 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7745 0 Td
(par-)Tj
-35.9204 -1.3039 Td
(ticipants)Tj
4.0251 0 Td
(characteristics)Tj
5.9074 0 Td
(are)Tj
1.4456 0 Td
(presented)Tj
4.1159 0 Td
(in)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
1.0375 0 Td
(Table)Tj
2.4434 0 Td
(1)Tj
0 g
(.)Tj
-17.7787 -1.2982 Td
(Factors)Tj
3.1464 0 Td
(affecting)Tj
3.6567 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(migration)Tj
4.1953 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(specialists)Tj
4.1839 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(classified)Tj
3.821 0 Td
(into)Tj
1.8369 0 Td
(five)Tj
1.6554 0 Td
(themesstructural,)Tj
-28.2952 -1.2983 Td
(occupational,)Tj
5.5785 0 Td
(personal,)Tj
3.8551 0 Td
(socio-political)Tj
5.8393 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(economicafter)Tj
6.8768 0 Td
(carrying)Tj
3.5546 0 Td
(out)Tj
1.5534 0 Td
(content)Tj
3.2655 0 Td
(analysis)Tj
3.3279 0 Td
(of)Tj
-35.5859 -1.3039 Td
(interviews.)Tj
4.541 0 Td
(These)Tj
2.5682 0 Td
(five)Tj
1.6554 0 Td
(themes)Tj
3.0728 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(presented)Tj
4.1158 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(form)Tj
2.2054 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0147 0 Td
(12)Tj
1.1736 0 Td
(categories)Tj
4.1896 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(50)Tj
1.1678 0 Td
(subcategories)Tj
-30.5969 -1.2983 Td
(\(Tables)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
3.1407 0 Td
(2)Tj
0 g
0.6973 0 Td
(and)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
1.7292 0 Td
(3)Tj
0 g
(\).)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
576 737.1 m
36 737.1 l
36 737.6 l
576 737.6 l
f*
36 741.2598 107.1496 23.6976 re
W* n
q
107.0929 0 0 23.6409 36 741.3165 cm
q
/I0 Do
Q
Q
Q
q
0 0 612 792 re
W* n
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.9999 0 0 7.9999 367.0299 745.7952 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.005 Tc
0 0 Td
(Factors)Tj
3.5079 0 Td
(affecting)Tj
3.9331 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.5874 0 Td
(migratio)Tj
3.4866 0 Td
(n)Tj
0.7654 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0417 0 Td
(specialist)Tj
4.252 0 Td
(human)Tj
3.2244 0 Td
(resources)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
36 48.0002 m
576 48.0002 l
576 47.5002 l
36 47.5002 l
f*
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
81.5811 34.9228 m
237.8835 34.9228 l
h
f*
0 g
7.9999 0 0 7.9999 36 36 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.005 Tc
0 0 Td
(PLOS)Tj
2.8559 0 Td
(ONE)Tj
2.3669 0 Td
(|)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
0.4748 0 Td
(https://doi.or)Tj
5.4142 0 Td
(g/10.137)Tj
3.8198 0 Td
(1/journal.po)Tj
5.1236 0 Td
(ne.01996)Tj
4.089 0 Td
(13)Tj
0 g
2.0906 0 Td
(June)Tj
2.3528 0 Td
(27,)Tj
1.5874 0 Td
(2018)Tj
34.9656 0 Td
(3)Tj
0.7654 0 Td
(/)Tj
ET
endstream
endobj
58 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
59 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
60 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
61 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
62 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
63 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
64 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
65 0 obj
<>stream
BT
66.402 0 Td
(11)Tj
ET
Q
endstream
endobj
66 0 obj
<>/ColorSpace<>/XObject<>>>/CropBox[0 0 612 792]/MediaBox[0 0 612 792]/Parent 9 0 R/Annots 72 0 R/Contents 73 0 R/TrimBox[0 0 612 792]>>
endobj
71 0 obj
[/ICCBased 74 0 R]
endobj
74 0 obj
<>stream
xwTSϽ7PkhRH
H.*1 J "6DTpDQ2(C"QDqpIdy͛~kg}ֺ LX Xňg` l pBF|،l *? Y"1 P\8=W%Oɘ4M0J"Y2Vs,[|e92<se'9`2&ctI@o|N6 (.sSdl-c(2-y H_/XZ.$&\SM07#1ؙYr fYym";8980m-m(]v^DW~
emi ]P`/ u}q|^R,g+\Kk)/C_|Rax8t1C^7nfzDp柇u$/ED˦L L[B@ٹЖX!@~ (* {d+}G͋љς}WL$cGD2QZ4 E@@ A(q`1D `'u46ptc48.`R0)
@Rt CXCP%CBH@Rf[(t
CQhz#0 Zl`O828.p|O×X
?:0FBx$ !i@ڐH[EE1PL⢖V6QP>U(j
MFk t,:.FW8c1L&ӎ9ƌaX:
rbl1
{{{;}#tp8_\8"Ey.,X%%Gщ1-9ҀKl.oo/O$&'=JvMޞ